![]() More recently, the use of neuroimaging methodologies (i.e., positron emission tomography PET and functional magnetic resonance imaging fMRI) has allowed researchers to resolve long-standing and vexing issues regarding the nature of self.Ī fundamental question about the self is whether it has a privileged status in human cognition, such as enhancing attention to, or memory for, information that is self-relevant (Gillihan and Farah, 2005 ). Although there has long been great enthusiasm for understanding this important psychological construct, its empirical examination has been hampered by the necessarily subjective methods of obtaining relevant data about the self (Macrae et al. It includes a singular sense of identity, autobiographical memories of the past, and expectations and beliefs about the future. The self encompasses such things as memory, cognition, agency, somatosensory experience, and conscious awareness. Self, social cognition, memory, medial prefrontal cortex, fMRI INTRODUCTIONĪn essential aspect of human experience is having a sense of self that is unique and distinct from others. These results suggest that while we may incorporate intimate others into our self-concept, the neural correlates of the self remain distinct from intimate and non-intimate others. Making judgments about the self relative to an intimate other selectively activated the MPFC region previously implicated in the self-processing literature. Subjects were imaged while making trait adjective judgments in one of the three conditions: (i) whether the adjective described the self (ii) whether the adjective described an intimate other (i.e., a best friend) or (iii) whether the adjective was presented in uppercase letters. The present event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging study extends these findings to judgments about personally known others. Specifically, previous studies have reported selective MPFC recruitment when making judgments about the self relative to a familiar but personally unknown other. Recent neuroimaging research has emphasized the importance of a region in the medial prefrontal cortex when performing self-referent tasks. A key question in psychology and neuroscience is the extent to which the neural representation of others is incorporated with, or is distinct from, our concept of self. ![]()
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